This is the first home of the Russian Academy of Sciences, built in the 1710s. Peter the Great had it constructed in conjunction with his establishment of the Academy. What is most notable about this facility is how nice it is—clearly Peter places a great deal of importance on this organization, and therefore it must have modern and beautiful facilities. Beyond just the exterior beauty, it was built specifically for scientific work as a museum and for the Academy. This dedication to providing for scientific research, especially for the initial founding of an organization with nothing to show for itself at the time, demonstrates how far ahead Peter was looking into the future. The foundation he established here with the Academy would yield great dividends for Russia and the Soviet Union in times to come.
The Lada 2100 (“Zhiguli”) was a type of car produced in the Soviet Union by the Lada company. The car, modeled after the Fiat 124 and marketed as the “people’s car” became available for purchase in 1970 in the Soviet Union. However, a commercial agreement with the Italian-maker Fiat restricted exportation until the Fiat 124 was no longer on the market. Therefore, after distribution of the Fiat 124 ceased in 1974, the Lada 2100 became available in Europe and Latin America. Although the car sold poorly due to its primitive construction, its production represented the advent of Soviet industrialization.
Autostat Analytic Agency. http://www.autostat.ru/news/view/1242/
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After Harvard Economics Professor Shleifer reached a settlement with the US. Government because of his illegal stock-buying activities in post-Soviet Russia, President Summers was accused of extreme favoritism towards his well-known friend. In January of 2006, an article in the "Institutional Investor" suggested that Summers forewarned and shielded Shleifer and his wife to protect them from disciplinary action from the University. Harvard picked up the tab for Shleifer, and the University agreed to pay $26.5 million to the US Government to settle the lawsuit. Shleifer was allowed to return to his faculty position, inciting outrage among faculty and students of Harvard. On February 21, 2006, Summers announced his intention to step down as President of the University in response to the outrage. This situation reflects the complexity of the interplay between Economics, University, and Russia in the world.
Graham, David A. "How a Small Team of Democrats Defeated Larry Summers—and Obama." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, published September 15, 2013. Accessed May 6, 2014. <http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2013/09/how-a-small-team-of-democrats-defeated-larry-summers-and-obama/279688/>
1) From Haven to Home: 350 Years of Jewish Life in America: A Century of Immigration, 1820-1924." Library of Congress. Library of Congress, n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014. 2) "Pale of Settlement." The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, 2010. Web. 27 Apr. 2014. 3) "Hochman, Lea." The National Archives. U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014. 4) "City of Rome (ship)." The National Archives. U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.
After the death of Lenin in 1924, his body was embalmed by the Soviet government so that it could be displayed in a mausoleum. Lenin’s corpse became the focus point of a Leninist cult of personality throughout the Soviet period, and this precedent inspired both Stalin and foreign communist leaders to will a similar practice upon their own deaths. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the question of whether to bury Lenin remains a hotly-debate topic that reflects Russia’s current struggles with its Soviet memories.
http://www.esquire.com/the-side/opinion/7totalitarianwonders-4 Esquire Magazine
Sergei Karpukhin/AP Photo ©2014 Hearst Communications, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Black bread was, since time immemorial, a ubiquitous Russian food. Born out of climactic and economic necessity, black bread has been credited with giving the Russian peasantry the physical strength necessary to crush Napoleonic France, but also blamed for separation the Western and Eastern Christian communions. It was the abundance or shortage of black bread that caused or ended famines. However, with globalization, white bread became cheaper than black bread. While black bread is well known outside of Russia, consumption of black bread in Russia is greatly reduced.
Wikipedia image for dark rye bread, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dark_rye_bread.JPG?uselang=ru. Recipe from About:Eastern European foods, http://easteuropeanfood.about.com/od/breads/r/blackbread.htm.
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Loaf of bread. Dimensions: roughly 1'x3"x3". Ingredients: rye flour, sourdough starter, molasses, high-gluten flour, whole fennel seed, instant yeast, salt, cocoa powder
In 2001, Ulyana Lopatkina suffered a serious injury that forced her to stop dancing for two years, during which time she married and had a daughter. Interestingly, it was Mikhail Baryshnikov—one of the greatest ballet dancers alive and a former Kirov dancer before his defection—arranged the operation that Lopatkina had on her leg to correct her injury (Yudina). Lopatkina’s return to ballet following her injury-prompted sabbatical demonstrates an extreme sense of determination and dedication, especially when one considers the fact that most ballerinas do not return to dance once they have had a baby. Yet the story of Lopatkina’s injury, which is tied up with the moment in which she became a mother, contains a deep sense of melancholy, which is extremely pertinent to the idea of Russianness presented in this exhibit. In an interview following her return to the stage—where she is still considered one of the best ballet dancers in the world—Lopatkina says, “I am terrified what resonance [my return to ballet] will have for the future of my child. I imagine myself at my death, thinking, did my child see me do the best thing for her, did I live my life right? Those sort of thoughts are always with me now […] Even if I have the opportunity to have another child, I will not be able to detach myself from my life in art. This is how I feel today” (Lopatkina qtd. Brown). Word Count: 242
Brown, Ismene. “Ulyana Lopatkina: The Beanpole Who Became the Soul of Russia.” ArtsDesk.com. The Arts Desk Ltd., 9 Jul. 2005. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. Kirov Ballet. “Uliana Lopatkina as Odile in Swan Lake.” Photograph. Ballet.magazine. N.p., 1 Jun. 2005. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. Ross, John. “Uliana Lopatkina—La Valse.” Photograph. Ballet.co Galleries. N.p., 25 May 2004. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. Yudina, Anna. “Prominent Russians: Ulyana Lopatkina.” Russiapedia. TV-Novosti, 2011. Web. 21 Apr. 2014.
http://www.ellisisland.org/search/passRecord.asp, http://ukrainetrek.com/odessa-city, http://faculty.history.umd.edu/BCooperman/NewCity/Pogrom1905.html, http://www.economist.com/node/3490716
Flourishing under Stalin-era reinvention of Russian national culture, Russian lacquer crafts were creations of a Tsarist age. In fact, it was from Japanese toys and boxes that Russian craftsmen took inspiration, so it is on a borrowed canvas that this new mythology of Russian folk culture is displayed. The biography of Russian lacquer crafts is the story of an invented tradition, bridging both Russia’s relationship to the East and the Soviet relationship to the culture of pre-revolutionary Russia.
The Museum of Russian Art. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2014. <http://tmora.org/exhibition/matryoshka-the-russian-nesting-doll/>. Terletski, Michael. Matryoshka Nesting Dolls." Nesting Dolls History. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Mar. 2014. <http://russian-crafts.com/crafts-history/nesting-dolls-history.html>
The Museum of Russian Art Russian Crafts
|0|0.0000000|0.0000000|osm 1900 - Nesting doll first presented at World Fair in Paris 1930's - Stalin Era cultural emphasis on Palekh crafts
This is a picture of the periodic table located adjacent to a statue of Dmitri Mendeleev in St. Petersburg. Mendeleev pioneered the structure of the table, which greatly increased understanding of chemical interactions. The periodic table is an example of Russian scientific exploration breaking new ground, setting the state for future progress. The only reason Mendeleev was not inducted into the Russian Academy of Sciences is moral objections due to his rapid remarriage following his divorce. The insight of periodicity in elemental behavior accurately predicted discovery of elements later on. Numerous distinctions awarded today are named after him. The Russian Academy of Sciences awards a medal named after Mendeleev to significant work each year in chemistry, there is a subway line named after him, and a chemistry university named after him. The amount of recognition he still gets 150 years afterwards shows how much his work in science is valued by the nation.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Sankt_Petersburg_Dmitri_Iwanowitsch_Mendelejew.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sankt_Petersburg_Dmitri_Iwanowitsch_Mendelejew.jpg
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Mental Illness and Psychiatry in Russia (Video)